7 deg. above zero and
under a pressure of 0.76 m.
[Illustration: VINCENTS ICE MACHINE. FIG. 1.--THE FREEZER (Longitudinal
Section).]
Up to recent times, chloride of methyl in a free state had received
scarcely any industrial application, by reason of the difficulty of
preparing it in a state of purity at a low price. Mr. C. Vincent,
however, has made known a process which permits of this product being
obtained abundantly and cheaply. It consists in submitting to the action
of heat the hydrochlorate of trimethylamine, which is obtained as a
by-product in the manufacture of potash of beets. The hydrochlorate
is thus decomposed into free trimethylamine, ammonia, and chloride
of methyl. A washing with hydrochloric acid takes away all traces of
alkali, and the gas, which is gathered under a receiver full of water,
may afterward be dried by means of sulphuric acid, and be liquefied by
pressure.
[Illustration: VINCENTS ICE MACHINE. FIG. 2.--THE FREEZER (Transverse
Section).]
Pure liquid chloride of methyl is now an abundant product. There are two
uses to which it is applied: first, for producing cold, and second, for
manufacturing coal tar colors.
[Illustration: VINCENTS ICE MACHINE.
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